Hog-scalding apparatus



Nov. 9 1926. 1,606,422

. A. HAGSTRAND HOG SCALDING APPARATUS 7 Filed Oct. 20. 1925 2 Shegis-Sheet'l w il l rl W h u s i '1 E guarantor filbin Hagsirand mwg. 4 abbozmw 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 9 1926.

A. HAGSTRAND HOG SCALDING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 20, 1925 Hlbz'n Ha gs Irand Patented Nov. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES ALBIN HAGSTRAND, OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

HOG-SCALDING APPARATUS.

Application filed October 20, 1925. Serial No. 63,632. I

My invention relates to hog-scalding machines and more particularly to a dev ce which will operate alike upon hogs wh ch float and those which sink in the scalding trough. i

It is my principal object to provide mech anism whereby both the sinker-s and the floaters are advanced alike and evenly, to the end that a continuous movement of the hogs is secured, and to the end that hogs w1ll notsink from sight and remain inthe trough too long. Such occurrences are rather frequent and the loss therefrom is a rather high percentage of the total number of hogs scalded.

A further object is the simplification of hog-scalding devices and the general 1mprovement thereof, and of their means of control. I,

My invention comprises the novel parts and combinations thereof as shown in the accompanying drawings, described in the specification, and particularly defined by th claims terminating the same. r

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention in the forms which are now preferred by me. l Figure 1 is a general longitudinal section through my invention and the trough with which it is used;

Figure 2 is a similar view, on a larger scale, of a modified form of my invention;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal section through a portion of the preferred form of my invention; 1

Figure 41 is a transverse section substantially on the line 4:& of Figure 3.

It frequently occurs that a hog will sink from sight in the trough, and especially if it is a small one it will remain out of sight and will not be moved by following hogs which perhaps float, and will thus remain in the trough considerably longer than is required for proper scalding; in fact, it may remain so long in the hot water in the trough that it becomes parboiled'and is of no value, except perhaps for lard. According to my invention, therefore, I provide means whereby thehogs, whether floaters or sinkers, are positively engaged and advanced through the trough in the order in which they enter, thus insuring so long as the stream of hogs is kept advancing that no single hog will remain in the trough longer than any other.

Hogs are thrown into the trough 1 at the feeding end where they slide down inclined slats 11 to a platform formed of the slats 12. This platform is submerged within the hot water of the trough, the level of the water being maintained constant by means of an inlet 2 and overflow pipe 20. Heat is supplied through a steam pipe 21.

The hogs reaching the platform 12 will be advanced to the end of the platform by the impact of other hogs as they slide down the incline 11. They will sink or float, as the case may be, and will advance past the end of the submerged platform 12 until they reach a rack indicated in general by the numeral 3, which serves to advance them, at least to insure the advancement of the sinkers in a manner which will be described. The normal advancement of the hogs is secured by means of a circulation of water in the trough, this being maintained by means of propellers 4 at the feed end of the trough 1 suitably 'driven to move a current of water through the trough toward the delivery end. The water may pass between the spaced slats 11, and in order to insure proper circulation a plate 141: may be placed over the slats of the platform 12, water being drawn under this plate tothe rear side of the propellers 4 and being forced forward over the plate 141, thus forming asuction duct beneath this plate.

The rack 3 comprises :two side bars connected by transverse slats 31 and 82; some or all of these slats may be removable to permit cleaning out the bottom of the trough, and for this purpose I have shown projecting studs 33, the slats 31 being provided with suitable holes to fit over these studs 33, whereby the slats are held in place.

The slats 31 may be in a general horizontal plane; the slats 32, however, are preferably "inclined slightly to provide a forward edge 34 which will tend to engage ahog, especially one lying on the rack, to advance it, but which will tend to slide beneath the hog when the rack is movedin the opposite direction, that is, toward the feed end.

A second rack 5, shown as composed of the V longitudinal bars and the transverse slats 52, is preferablyprovided above the water level, the slats 52 being inclined from the general horizontal plane to provide an advancing edge 54 corresponding to the edges 34 of the rack 3, to advance hogs engaged thereby. These racks are timed to advance simultaneously and the slats 32 and 52 will engage a large hog simultaneously to ad- Vance it, or will engage respectively the p of the hogsengagedthereby. A second perits return movement.

best illustrated in Figures 3 floaters and the sinkers to advance them as the racks areadvanced. By rapidly retracting the lower racks, on which the sinkcrs lie, due to the inclination of the slats, there is but slight tendency to move the hogs'rearward; the forwardly presented edges 34, more slowly advanced, will tend to advance the sinkers; hence, reciprocation ofthe racks will tend to keep the hogs moving forward toward the delivery end of the trough.

As a means for securing movement of the racks-3 I have shown, in the preferred form and 4, a cam wheel 6 rota tively driven by a shaft upon which a drive sprocket 60 is mounted, and havinga cam slot engageable by a'follower upon a lever 7, the lever being pivoted between its ends as indicated at 71, the pivot shaft 71 preferably extending across the trough and having a short lever 7 secured thereto. The lower ends of these levers 7 and 7 engage the rack 3, that is, theside bars 30 thereof, as indicated at 73, whereby rocking of the levers on their pivot 71 will reciprocatethe rack 3. The

cam slot is preferably arranged with a portion 61 ofapproximately 180 during which the lever 7 is moved from its extreme rearward position to its extreme'advanced position. This causes advance-of therack and tion 62 immediately -following' the portion 61 and of less angular extent, perhaps causes a quick return of the lever 7 to its retracted position, that is, it moves it and the rack back rapidly to aposit-ion for further advance. This rapid return of the rack causes it to slide beneath the hogs, retaining them in their advancedposition, the current of water caused by the propellers a assis ing inthis. There follows a portion 63 where the lever andrack dwell in retracted position, or the advance may be immedlately taken up.

Movement of the rack 5 at the-same time may be secured through the engagement of one end by a crank arm 66 of the shaft 65, which carries the cam 6 and which isdriven by the sprocket 60. This crank arm, as it rotates, advances and retracts the rack regularly and in so doing it is arranged to cause a rising and falling movement of the rack 5,

the rack droppingto contact-with the hogs just prior to its advance movement and continuing to drop during the first half of such movement, and rising from contact with the hogs prior toand during the first half of The rack 3 likewise has a rising and falling movement; especially does it drop away from the. hogs during the first part of its rapidreturn n'iovement after advancing them. The end of the rack 5 opposite itsconnection with the crank arm 66 may be suitably supported, as upon a link 55, which permits it to swing. Simiforming a a cylinder 7 containing a :ton rod 71 pro ectingfrom one end thereof and being. connected by a cable 72 to the end reaches a a link 55.

water-filled trough,

larly, the rack 3 links 35.

As a means for controlling reciprocation of the rack 3, may provide the chain 36. 'flex'ible "connection between the end ofv the rack and a rod 37 adjustable into and from the trough at its delivery end. as by anut- 38. This arrangement serves to limit the return movement of the rack. Forcausing he return-movement I employ piston70, the pismay be supported oii of the rack 3, whereby the rack, during its advance,- compresses air in 'the' left hand end of the cylinderas the piston 70 advances (1ts -r1ght hand end being open to the atmosphere) 'wherebythe pressure thus stored serves to return the rack as the control-cam 6 position permitting such return. Any. other suitable form of return means, or

10f jmeans limiting the return of the rack,

may be employed.

In Figure 2, I have shown a somewhat modified form ofoperating means. Herein the lever 77 is pivoted at 71 within the trough and is connected to the rack 3, its connection to the rack 5 being by means of The'crank arm 66 reciprocates the rack 5,=as usual, and the shaft 65.0111 rying this crank arm-isconnected to a shaft .S'in some'suitab-le manner, as by means of a belt or chainV SO. A rwheel'8l upon the shaft 8 rotates therewith and carries apin 82. A hook 78 upon a'link79is engaged'at the proper time by the pin- 82 and this, act

ing through the link :79 and lever 77, ad-

vances the rack 3 at the proper time. When the rack has reached the=limitof its advance, a fixed stop 7 6 engages the link 79, retaining it against further downward movement, and as'the pin 82 continues to rotate and consequently to move downward, it is disengaged from the hook 78. The pressure in the cylinders 7 thereupon returns the rack 3 rapidly toits retracted position.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A hog-scalding machine comprising a and intermittently ad vancing means engageable with the hogs in the water in said trough both from above and from below, to advance them therethrough. I, 2. Ahog-scalding machine comprising a water-filled trough, a reciprocable rack at or above the water level therein to engage floating hogs from above, a second reciprocable rack below :the water level to engage submerged hogs from below, and means for simultaneously reciprocating said racks to advance the hogs through said trough.

37 A hog-scalding machine comprising a water filled trough,.a reciprocable rack above the water level to engagefioating hogs from above, a second reciprocablerack below the ill) water level to engage submerged hogs from below, means for simultaneously reciprocating said racks to advance the hogs through said trough, and means for causing said racks to approach towards each other on the advancing movement and to recede from each other on their return movement.

4L. In a hog-scalding machine, means for positively engaging hogs to advance them comprising a rack extending longitudinally of their direction of movement, elements carried by saidrack positively engageable with the hogs to advance them. and slidable therepast in the reverse direction, and. means for reciprocating said rack and for moving one end only of the rack in a vertical direction toward said hogs on the-advance movement and away from the hogs on the return movement.

In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, means for positively engaging hogs to advance them comprising a submerged rack adapted to support hogs from below and having hog-engaging elements projecting upwardly and forwardly to engage the hogs positively to advance them, and to slide therepast upon movement 7 in the reverse direction, and means for reciprocating said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs.

(S. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support hogs from below, means for reciprocating said rack longitudinally ofthe direction of advance of the hogs, said rack including a plurality of transverse slats incliued upwardly and forwardly of the direction of advance. Y i

7. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapt ed to support hogs from below, means for reciprocating said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of said hogs, said rack including a plurality of transverse slats inclined upwardly and forwardly'of the direction of advance, andmeans for moving said rack downwardly from beneath the hogs as it recedes from its most advanced position.

8. In a hog-scalding machine, in combination, a water-filled trough, a pair of generally parallel racks one above and one below the surface of the water therein, and adapted to receive hogs between them, means for reciprocating said racks simultaneously and longitudinally of the trough, said racks having means engageable with the hogs to advance them, and slidable therepast on reverse movement of the racks, and means for advancing said racks towards each other at the start of their advance movement, and for moving them apart at the start of their return movement.

9. In a hog-scalding machine, in combination, a water-filled trough, a transverse shaft, a crank arm thereon, a generally vertical lever extendingbelow the surface of the water, means for oscillating said lever to advance and retract its submerged end as said crank arm is advanced or retracted, a submerged, longitudinally extending rack operatively connected to said lever to be reciprocated thereby, and a second longitudinally extending rack above the surface of the water and operatively connected with said crank arm to be rcciprocated thereby 10. In a hog-scalding machine, in combination, a water-filled trough, a transverse shaft, a crank arm thereon, a generally vertical lever extending below the surface of the water, means for oscillating said lever to advance and retract its'submerged end as said crank arm is advanced or retracted, a submerged, longitudinally extending rack operatively connected to said lever to be reeiprocated thereby, a second longitudinally extending rack above the surface of the water and operatively connected with said cranlcarm to be l'GClPlOCttllGd thereby, and depending links supporting the ends of said racks opposite their connections to the lever and crank arm, respectively.

11. In a hog-scalding machine, a rack reciprocable to engage and advance hogs, means for positively advancing said rack, and power storage means energizable by ad- Vance of the rack and operatively connected thereto tov return it rapidly upon completion of its advance.

12. In a hog-scalding machine, a rack reciprocable to engage and advance hogs, means for positively advancing said rack, power storage means ,energizable by advance. of the rack and operatively connected thereto to return it rapidly upon completion of its advance, and means permitting its advance but limiting its return movement.

13. In a hog-scalding machine, a rack reion ciprocable to engage and advance hogs,

means for positively advancing said rack, an air cylinder and piston operatively connected to said rack to create compression within the cylinder upon advance of the rack, whereby upon completion of such advance the rack is returned to nornialretracted position, and a tension member limiting the return movement'of the rack.

14:. In a hog-scalding machine, a waterfilled trough, a propellertherein at its feed end adapted to *direct'water therethrough towards its delivery end, a slatted receiving inclineextending below the water level and positioned above said propeller, anda platform below the water level extending behind the propeller to create a suction duct therefor. i i

15. In a hog-scalding machine, a waterfilled trough, a propeller therein at its feed end adapted to direct water therethrough towards its delivery end, a longitudinally slat-ted receiving incline extending below above duce an upward and adapted to support sinker-S the water level and positioned above said propeller, a longitudinally slatted platform connecting with the lower end of said incline and a continuous sheetresting upon said platform and extending behind the propeller to create a suction duct therefor.

16. Ahog scalding machine comprising a. water filled trough, a pair of'e le'n'ients, one and one below the hogs inthe water in said trough. movable towards each other to clamp the hogs positively between them, and then movable simultaneously forward, prior to separation, to advance the hogs, and means controlling the movements of said elements.

17. A hog-scalding machine comprising a water-filled trough, a pair of elements extending lengthwise of the trough, one above and one below the hogs in the water in said trough, said elements being movable towards each other to maintain floaters and sinkers alike in their relative positions in line between them, then movable simultaneously forward to advance the ho'gs, and then movable apart. and rearwardly, the lower element being movable rearwardly more rapidly than the upper element, and means controlling the movement of said elements.

18. In a hog-scalding machine, a rack reciprocable to engage and advance'hogs, one end being reciprocable in substantially'the same horizontal plane, a support for the other end operable to move this end ina vertical direction towards the hogs prior to and during the initial part oftheiradvance, and to move'this endaway from thehogs prior to and during the initial part of its return movement.

19. In a hog-scalding machineincluding a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support sin'kers from below, means for reciprocating said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs, and means controlling the movement of said rack to cause it to drop from beneath the hogs at the beginning of the return movement.

20. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to .support sinkers from below, means for reciprocating said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs, and means'controlling the movement of said rack, disposed and arranged to pro- .forward movement at the termination ofthe racks advance, and a downward. and backward movement at the beginningof its return movement, immediately following.

21. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, 'a submerged rack from below, means for reciprocatingsai-d rack longitudinally of the direction of advance-of the hogs, and a plurality of suspended links supporting said rack attheir lower'ends, the supports of said links being disposed rearwardly of the extreme forward swing of their lower ends, whereby the advance of the rack terminates in an upward movement, and its return commences with a downward swing.

22. In a'hog-sca-ldil'ig' machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged "rack adapted to'support sinkers from below,

means for steadily advancing said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs, and means for returning the rack more rapidly than its advance.

23. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support sinkers from below, means for steadily advancing said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs, and means for returning the rack more rapidly than its advance, and means controlling the movement of said rack to direct it downwardly as it commences its return movement.

24. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support sinkers from below, means for creating a current in the water in the direction of advance of the hogs, means for advancing said rack in the direction of advance of the hogs, and means for jerking the rack rapidly in the reverse direction immediately following completion of its advance movement. p

25. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled troug a submerged rack adapted to support sinkers from below,

means for steadily advancing said rack longitudinally of the direction of advance of the hogs, and means for returning the rack more rapidly than its advance, reciproc'able meansindependent of said rack for engaging the hogs thereabove, andmeansfor advancing said latter means simultaneously with the advance of therack and for returning itafter return of the rack.

26. In a hog-scalding'machineincluding a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support sinkers from below, means for advancing said'rack in the directionof advance of the hogs, means for jerking the rack rapidly in the reverse direction immediately following completion of its advance, a rack at or about the surface of the water in said trough, and above'the submerged rack, and means controlling the advance of said upper rack to advance it simultaneously with the'lower rack and substantially at the same" speed, and to return it after completion of the return of the lower rack.

27. In a hog-scalding machine including a water-filled trough, a submerged rack adapted to support sinkers from'below, means for advancin'g'said rack in the direction of advance of the hogs, means for jerking the rack rapidly in the reverse direction immediately following completion of its advance, a rack at or about the surface of the Water in said trough, and above the submerged rack, and means controlling the advance of said upper rack to advance it simultaneously with the lower rack and substantially at the same speed, and to return it after completion of the return of the lower rack, and means for causing said racks to approach prior to and during their advance, and to separate prior to and during their return.

28. A hog-scalding machine comprising a Water-filled trough, and reciprocable means engageable with the hogs in the Water in said trough both from above and from below, to advance them therethrough.

29. A hog-scalding machine comprising a Water-filled trough, and reciproeable means engageable With the hogs in the Water in said trough both from above and below, said means advancing at the same speed to advance the hogs, but differing in the time of inspection of their return movement.

30. A hog-scalding machine comprising a water-filled trough, and reciprocable means engageable with the hogs in the Water in said trough both from above and from be low, said upper and lower means advancing at the same time and speed, but the lower means beginning its return prior to the inception of the return movement of the upper means.

Signed at Seattle, King County, Washington this 14th day of October, 1925.

ALBIN HAGSTRAND. 

